Assignment: 03. PC: RRL (Group)

STEM | 12K | Research 1 | Practical Research 1
2021-10-01T03:53:21Z

Due: Oct 9, 2021 by 11:59pm

COMPILING YOUR LITERATURE

THIS TASK IS TO BE DONE PER GROUP SO ONLY ONE SHOULD SUBMIT ON BEHALF OF THE GROUP. YOU MAY WORK ON GOOGLE DOCS OR SHEET THEN SEND HERE THE LINK FOR ACCESS.

Directions: Satisfy what is being required for.

1. Based on your topic, objectives and problems, write five (5) search terms or information (keywords) that you can use to look for materials for your research.

2. Using the various sources of literature mentioned in this module, look for two (2) researches or materials that are related to your tentative topic. Follow the recommended steps in reviewing literature mentioned in this module. Follow the criteria below in searching your article.

3. It should be within the past 10 years (2010-2020)

4. It should be related to your strand

5. It should be qualitative in nature

6. It should be in full pdf format when you download.

7. You may search from journals found in the following websites:

https://doaj.org/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/

https://scholar.google.com/

http://www.opensciencedirectory.net/

Download the journals and submit to your teacher for approval. If he/she approves, then read the ENTIRE research and fill in the table. An example is provided below. At the end of the table, write your reference in APA format, 7th edition.

Name: EXAMPLE ONLY

Section: ______________________________________

Tentative research topic:

Authors | Introduction | Methodology | Findings | Discussion

Family name, given name, middle initial

Research objective/ Statement of the problem

Summary of the background (maximum of 5 sentences)

Research design, methods, approach

Sample population

Data gathering instrument and analysis

Ethical practice

Relevant findings

Support of findings

Conclusion

Limitations and Recommendations

Jonason, Peter K.

Jones, Amy

Lyons, Minna

This study provides “a simple test of the niche-specialization

hypothesis for the Dark Triad”

The research identifies two types of chronotype: late sleepers and early risers. It also identifies the Dark Triad: narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. The researchers hypothesize that there is a link between the chronotype and the Dark Traits; specifically, that late sleepers or night owls have a greater tendency to manifest the Dark Triad.

Evidence of this include the fact that both are hereditary. In addition, evening chronotype has been linked to increased mating success, impulsivity, risk-taking, sensation-seeking, limited conscientiousness and agreeableness, and individualism.

263 volunteers

- 74 are males

Narcissism:

40-item Narcissistic

Personality Inventory (Raskin & Terry, 1988)

Psychopathy:

64-item Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-III (Paulhus et al., in press)

Machiavellianism:

20-item MACH-IV

(Christie & Geis, 1970)

Chronotypes:

19-item Morningness–

Eveningness Questionnaire (Horne & Östberg, 1976)

Analysis:

1. averaging

2. correlation

3. zero-order correlation

Online advertisement

On-line psychology participation website

Email and social media advertising

“The front page of the survey provided

information on the nature of the study, as well as relevant ethical issues.

Participants exited the survey via a page that included the

researchers’ contact details and a full debrief.”

The composite Dark Triad score, total psychopathy

secondary psychopathy

Machiavellianism, and the

entitlement/ exploitativeness facet of the NPI were all related to an evening-type orientation.

None of the correlations were moderated

by sex of the participant

Leadership/ authority had a relationship

with morning chronotype.

Primary psychopathy

also had a non-significant trend towards morning chronotype,

Evolutionary psychologists (Jonason et al., 2012; McDonald

et al., 2011) suggest the Dark Triad traits might be an adaptive

set of personality traits.

Researchers “failed to find sex differences in morningness–eveningness

(Adan & Natale, 2002; Tonetti et al., 2008; Tsai & Li, 2004). This also fails to support the sexual selection argument for

night-time orientation (Kanazawa & Perina, 2009; Piffer, 2010). This might

suggest a natural selection, instead of a sexual selection, argument.

The researchers found that the Dark Triad, especially its ‘‘darker’’ (Rauthmann,

2012) aspects (i.e., Machiavellianism, secondary psychopathy, and

exploitive narcissism), were linked to a night-time specialization.

Those high on the

Dark Triad traits like many other predators (e.g., lions, African

hunting dogs, scorpions), are creatures of the night.

Limitations:

1. only used one

measure of morningness–eveningness.

2. correlations were rather

small in comparison to other work on the Dark Triad (e.g., Jonason

et al., 2009, 2013)

3. sampled a predominantly college-student

sample. It is possible that the links between the Dark Triad traits and night-time preferences may be strongest in college-students

because of the freedom afforded to stay up late and lessened need to work relative to adults.

REFERENCE:

Jonason, P. K., Jones, A., & Lyons, M. (2013). Creatures of the night: Chronotypes and the Dark Triad traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 1-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.05.00

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Name: _______________________________________

Section: ______________________________________

Tentative research topic:

Authors | Introduction | Methodology | Findings | Discussion

Family name, given name, middle initial

Research objective/ Statement of the problem

Summary of the background (maximum of 5 sentences)

Research design, methods, approach

Sample population

Data gathering instrument and analysis

Ethical practice

Relevant findings

Support of findings

Conclusion

Limitations and Recommendations

| | | | | | | | |

REFERENCE

RRL number 1

| | | | | | | | |

REFERENCE

RRL number 2

COMPILING YOUR LITERATURE

THIS TASK IS TO BE DONE PER GROUP SO ONLY ONE SHOULD SUBMIT ON BEHALF OF THE GROUP. YOU MAY WORK ON GOOGLE DOCS OR SHEET THEN SEND HERE THE LINK FOR ACCESS.

Directions: Satisfy what is being required for.

1. Based on your topic, objectives and problems, write five (5) search terms or information (keywords) that you can use to look for materials for your research.

2. Using the various sources of literature mentioned in this module, look for two (2) researches or materials that are related to your tentative topic. Follow the recommended steps in reviewing literature mentioned in this module. Follow the criteria below in searching your article.

3. It should be within the past 10 years (2010-2020)

4. It should be related to your strand

5. It should be qualitative in nature

6. It should be in full pdf format when you download.

7. You may search from journals found in the following websites:

https://doaj.org/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/

https://scholar.google.com/

http://www.opensciencedirectory.net/

Download the journals and submit to your teacher for approval. If he/she approves, then read the ENTIRE research and fill in the table. An example is provided below. At the end of the table, write your reference in APA format, 7th edition.

Name: EXAMPLE ONLY

Section: ______________________________________

Tentative research topic:

Authors | Introduction | Methodology | Findings | Discussion

Family name, given name, middle initial

Research objective/ Statement of the problem

Summary of the background (maximum of 5 sentences)

Research design, methods, approach

Sample population

Data gathering instrument and analysis

Ethical practice

Relevant findings

Support of findings

Conclusion

Limitations and Recommendations

Jonason, Peter K.

Jones, Amy

Lyons, Minna

This study provides “a simple test of the niche-specialization

hypothesis for the Dark Triad”

The research identifies two types of chronotype: late sleepers and early risers. It also identifies the Dark Triad: narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. The researchers hypothesize that there is a link between the chronotype and the Dark Traits; specifically, that late sleepers or night owls have a greater tendency to manifest the Dark Triad.

Evidence of this include the fact that both are hereditary. In addition, evening chronotype has been linked to increased mating success, impulsivity, risk-taking, sensation-seeking, limited conscientiousness and agreeableness, and individualism.

263 volunteers

- 74 are males

Narcissism:

40-item Narcissistic

Personality Inventory (Raskin & Terry, 1988)

Psychopathy:

64-item Self-Report Psychopathy Scale-III (Paulhus et al., in press)

Machiavellianism:

20-item MACH-IV

(Christie & Geis, 1970)

Chronotypes:

19-item Morningness–

Eveningness Questionnaire (Horne & Östberg, 1976)

Analysis:

1. averaging

2. correlation

3. zero-order correlation

Online advertisement

On-line psychology participation website

Email and social media advertising

“The front page of the survey provided

information on the nature of the study, as well as relevant ethical issues.

Participants exited the survey via a page that included the

researchers’ contact details and a full debrief.”

The composite Dark Triad score, total psychopathy

secondary psychopathy

Machiavellianism, and the

entitlement/ exploitativeness facet of the NPI were all related to an evening-type orientation.

None of the correlations were moderated

by sex of the participant

Leadership/ authority had a relationship

with morning chronotype.

Primary psychopathy

also had a non-significant trend towards morning chronotype,

Evolutionary psychologists (Jonason et al., 2012; McDonald

et al., 2011) suggest the Dark Triad traits might be an adaptive

set of personality traits.

Researchers “failed to find sex differences in morningness–eveningness

(Adan & Natale, 2002; Tonetti et al., 2008; Tsai & Li, 2004). This also fails to support the sexual selection argument for

night-time orientation (Kanazawa & Perina, 2009; Piffer, 2010). This might

suggest a natural selection, instead of a sexual selection, argument.

The researchers found that the Dark Triad, especially its ‘‘darker’’ (Rauthmann,

2012) aspects (i.e., Machiavellianism, secondary psychopathy, and

exploitive narcissism), were linked to a night-time specialization.

Those high on the

Dark Triad traits like many other predators (e.g., lions, African

hunting dogs, scorpions), are creatures of the night.

Limitations:

1. only used one

measure of morningness–eveningness.

2. correlations were rather

small in comparison to other work on the Dark Triad (e.g., Jonason

et al., 2009, 2013)

3. sampled a predominantly college-student

sample. It is possible that the links between the Dark Triad traits and night-time preferences may be strongest in college-students

because of the freedom afforded to stay up late and lessened need to work relative to adults.

REFERENCE:

Jonason, P. K., Jones, A., & Lyons, M. (2013). Creatures of the night: Chronotypes and the Dark Triad traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 1-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.05.00

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Name: _______________________________________

Section: ______________________________________

Tentative research topic:

Authors | Introduction | Methodology | Findings | Discussion

Family name, given name, middle initial

Research objective/ Statement of the problem

Summary of the background (maximum of 5 sentences)

Research design, methods, approach

Sample population

Data gathering instrument and analysis

Ethical practice

Relevant findings

Support of findings

Conclusion

Limitations and Recommendations

| | | | | | | | |

REFERENCE

RRL number 1

| | | | | | | | |

REFERENCE

RRL number 2